强国必先强教,强教必先强师。2023年9月,习近平总书记致信全国优秀教师代表,提出中国特有的教育家精神,深刻阐述了教育家精神的丰富内涵和实践要求,科学回答了建设什么样的教师队伍、怎样建设教师队伍等重大问题。2024年9月,习近平总书记在全国教育大会上强调,“要实施教育家精神铸魂强师行动,加强师德师风建设,提高教师培养培训质量”,进一步阐明了弘扬教育家精神的方法和路径。习近平总书记关于教育家精神的重要论述高屋建瓴、思想深邃、内涵丰富,为新时代教师队伍建设提供了根本遵循。
安徽省委、省政府高度重视教师队伍建设,先后出台全面深化新时代教师队伍建设改革的实施意见等一系列重要文件,围绕师德师风、专业素质、待遇保障等,采取了一系列重大举措,推动全省教师队伍呈现总量保持稳定、质量加快提升、结构逐步优化的良好态势。截至去年底,全省各级各类学校共有教职工95.7万人,含专任教师77.6万人,其中中小学教职工81.6万人,含专任教师66.2万人。
下一步,安徽将深入学习贯彻习近平总书记重要讲话精神和党的二十届三中全会精神,全面落实全国教育大会精神,加快推进教育强省建设,把教师队伍建设作为重中之重,坚持师资为基、人才强校,培养造就新时代高水平教师队伍。
第一,加强思想政治引领,以教育家精神涵养“人师”。坚持“经师”“人师”相统一,把师德师风建设摆在教师队伍建设的首位,让教育者先受教育。坚定不移以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为引领,加强教师思想政治建设。深入实施教育家精神铸魂强师行动,把教育家精神融入教师培养培训全过程,贯穿课堂教学、科学研究、社会实践各环节。依托安徽丰富的红色资源等,高质量建设一批师德师风教育基地。严格落实新时代教师职业行为十项准则等规定,健全师德失范行为警示通报机制。
第二,完善教师教育体系,以高质量培养造就“名师”。深入实施基础教育强师计划,把提升质量作为重中之重。办强师范教育,实施师范院校提升计划,做优做强安徽师范大学等师范院校,建设一批师范类高峰学科。综合考虑学龄人口变化等因素,加快推进专科师范院校转型。推动高水平大学开展教师教育。优化培养结构,适应高考综合改革、“五育”并举等需求,重点加强思政、数学、物理以及科学、音体美、心理健康教育、劳动教育等学科教师培养。稳定本科培养规模,大力实施“硕师计划”,优化教师学历结构。提升培训水平,开展分层分类精准培训。实施皖北地区基础教育优质资源扩容工程,通过“强校+”带动、集团化办学等,为皖北地区培养一批优秀教师、优秀班主任、优秀校长。用好长三角教育一体化发展机制,常态化选派中小学教师赴沪苏浙学校挂职锻炼。
第三,实施人才强校工程,以超常规力度汇聚“大师”。统筹推进教育科技人才体制机制一体改革,用好人才兴皖工程2.0版政策,强化政策系统集成,全面推进高校人才队伍建设。加大“引”的力度,深入实施高校人才队伍高质量发展支持行动,持续开展“招才引智高校行”等活动,加快引进世界一流战略科学家和顶尖团队,加大高校学术副校长岗位设置力度。提升“育”的能力,建立40岁以下重点人才长期稳定支持机制,提升国家级人才培养能力。加强高校博士后工作站、流动站建设,强化留皖留校任教政策支持。加大新兴学科教师队伍建设力度,造就一批既懂教学又懂科研、懂产业的复合型人才。营造“留”的环境,健全高校人才分级分类服务体系,在科研经费、住房、子女上学、配偶就业等方面提供全方位支持。
第四,坚持校企协同发力,以高水平合作壮大“双师”。实施职业教育教师队伍能力提升行动,创新培养模式,提升培养质量。深化校企“双主体”“双导师”育人,修订完善“双师型”教师标准和认定办法,支持职业学校与龙头企业合作共建“双师型”教师培养培训基地。构建灵活的用人机制,采取固定岗与流动岗相结合的方式,支持职业学校招聘行业企业业务骨干、优秀技术和管理人才。
第五,完善管理体制机制,以深层次改革推动“强师”。统筹优化教师管理与资源配置,持续增强教师队伍活力。积极应对学龄人口变化,深化教职工编制周转池制度建设,建立师生配比动态调整机制,深化中小学“县管校聘”改革,推进校长教师制度化交流轮岗。加强教师资源统筹配置,强化公办园教师配备,补齐初高中教师缺口,建立基础教育教师城乡、学校、学段间余缺调配机制。深化高校科技和人才评价改革,完善以实践、创新价值、能力贡献为导向的评价机制。推进高校薪酬制度改革,完善高校科研人员兼职取酬制度。
第六,提升服务保障水平,以暖人心举措更好“惠师”。弘扬尊师重教优良传统,提高教师政治地位、社会地位、职业地位。加强教师待遇保障,落实“义务教育教师平均工资收入水平不低于当地公务员平均工资收入水平”要求,提高中小学教师教龄津贴标准,完善中小学班主任津贴、乡村教师生活补助等政策。减轻中小学教师非教育教学任务负担。健全教师荣誉制度,做好教师荣休工作,让教师享有崇高社会声望,成为最受社会尊重的职业之一。
作者:安徽省人民政府副省长 任清华
《中国教育报》2024年12月25日 第04版 版名:新闻·学校
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