原标题:高校专业调整忌“新瓶装旧酒”
近段时间,国内多所高校迎来新一轮专业调整潮。有些学生无意间成了所学专业的“绝版毕业生”,有些则成为新增专业里“第一批吃螃蟹”的人。
此轮调整中,“智能+传统工科”成为新设专业的典型模式,催生了数字经济、智慧工程等一批热门专业。这当中,也不乏高校把旧专业加上“智能”二字,简单包装一下就“闪亮登场”。比如,把机械设计工程专业改叫智能制造专业,土木工程专业改叫智能建造专业,医疗信息系统化技术专业改叫智能医学工程专业等等。
这种“新瓶装旧酒”现象,暴露出部分高校急于“占坑”的心理。毕竟,新名词可以让专业显得“高大上”,看起来更“吸睛”,更利于招揽生源。而且,国家对经济社会发展急需人才的培养往往会有一些支持政策,如果能抢先一步设置新专业,也意味着可能在资金扶持、学科建设以及项目、平台等方面获得更多资源。
专业设置是高校人才培养的基石。由于专业设置或多或少滞后于经济发展和产业结构调整,高校为适应社会需要,对所设专业进行动态调整,无疑是值得肯定的。但如果在准备不足的情况下,急功近利赶时髦,扎堆“上新”蹭热度,反而与专业调整的初衷背道而驰。
应当看到,那些“新瓶装旧酒”专业,在师资、教材、课程设置、教学设备等方面大多缺乏必要的积累,无法支撑新的学科建设,也就很难培养出高质量人才,甚至会误人子弟。学生扛着新专业的名号进入社会后,如果无法胜任实际工作,反而会影响高校口碑。另外,行业发展有其客观规律,短时间内涌入大量毕业生,也容易引发同质化竞争,造成新的就业压力。
所以,无论从满足社会需要,还是从对学生负责的角度出发,高校都应立足自身办学定位和现有条件,科学理性地作出选择。如果确定要对某些专业进行调整更新,首先必须在课程体系构建、师资队伍建设、教学资源保障等方面作出系统化安排。
比如,在课程设置上,要适应科技创新和产业创新融合发展的趋势,把学生将来可能用得上的新知识、新技术、新应用搬进课堂;在师资培养上,要推动教师更新知识结构、创新教学方法,增强他们对科技前沿的感知能力和多学科融合的教学能力;在教学评价上,要进一步完善评价指标、评价方法,强化评价结果应用,构建起与新设学科和专业相适应的评价体系。
总之,高校调整专业,不只是名字的变化,更是教学理念、培养模式、管理机制的深层革新。让“新瓶”装上“新酒”,才有可能成为名副其实的好酒。
(责编:郝孟佳、李昉)
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